c-rrb

He went on to implement https://github.com/hypirion/c-rrb Which are just like clojures vectors but has fast insertions/deletes and merges. I semi-ported it to c# here: https://github.com/bjoli/RrbList/tree/main/src/Collections It is faster than clojures vectors (running on the JVM, so apples and cucumbers) in all cases, and mostly beats scala's vectors except for splitting which is crazy fast in scala's vectors).

Funny this shows up on HN now! Jean Niklas wrote his thesis about RRB trees, which is an evolution of the persistent vectors of clojure fame. I have spent many hours reading his thesis lately, because I just spent two months porting his c-rrb (https://github.com/hypirion/c-rrb) to c#, which was a fun endeavour. I wish I would have read hus thesis better since I spent two weeks debugging issues that arise from me not enforcing the leftwise dense invariant with regards to the tail.

I can't vouch for them, but there are Clojure[1] and C[2] implementations you might consider. [1] https://github.com/clojure/core.rrb-vector [2] https://github.com/hyPiRion/c-rrb

You might be interested in ewig and immer by Juan Pedro Bolivar Puente: https://github.com/arximboldi/ewig https://github.com/arximboldi/immer See the author instantly opening a ~1GB text file with async loading, paging through, copying/pasting, and undoing/redoing in their prototype “ewig” text editor about 27 minutes into their talk here: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=sPhpelUfu8Q It’s backed by a “vector of vectors” data structure called a relaxed radix balanced tree: https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/169879/files/RMTrees.pdf That original paper has seen lots of attention and attempts at performance improvements, such as: https://hypirion.com/musings/thesis https://github.com/hyPiRion/c-rrb

For those like me who are unfamiliar with Relaxed Radix Balanced trees, here's the paper presenting the algorithm: RRB-Trees: Efficient Immutable Vectors (2012) https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/169879/files/RMTrees.pdf EDIT: For further reading: Improving RRB-Tree Performance through Transience (2014) https://hypirion.com/thesis.pdf Article: https://hypirion.com/musings/thesis Code: https://github.com/hyPiRion/c-rrb