KRKronisLV·Aug 15, 2024
> that's irrelevant to the core developers
That's relevant to me! If I want Apache to act as an OpenID connect relying party, for example, I can just use mod_auth_openidc https://github.com/OpenIDC/mod_auth_openidc installing which is pretty much trivial and requires little work on my part:
sudo apt install libapache2-mod-auth-openidc
If I want something similar for Nginx, I can take a look here https://openid.net/developers/certified-openid-connect-imple... and realize that I'll need to use OpenResty with LuaRocks, which does add a bit more complexity: https://github.com/zmartzone/lua-resty-openidc
luarocks install lua-resty-openidc
If I want a basic WAF with something that runs ModSecurity rules, on Apache I can just do:
libapache2-mod-security2
and can use the OWASP CRS with no issues: https://owasp.org/www-project-modsecurit
Read the rest
y-core-rule-set/
With Nginx that is no longer properly supported and needed their Plus version anyways: https://docs.nginx.com/nginx-waf/admin-guide/nginx-plus-mods...
sudo apt-get install nginx-plus-module-modsecurity
If I want to do that myself with the regular Nginx, I suddenly have to compile a bunch of stuff myself, which becomes far less pleasant and a bit more long winded: https://www.linode.com/docs/guides/securing-nginx-with-modse...
sudo apt-get install bison build-essential ca-certificates curl dh-autoreconf doxygen \
flex gawk git iputils-ping libcurl4-gnutls-dev libexpat1-dev libgeoip-dev liblmdb-dev \
libpcre3-dev libpcre++-dev libssl-dev libtool libxml2 libxml2-dev libyajl-dev locales \
lua5.3-dev pkg-config wget zlib1g-dev zlibc libxslt libgd-dev
sudo apt install git
cd /opt && sudo git clone https://github.com/SpiderLabs/ModSecurity
cd ModSecurity
sudo git submodule init
sudo git submodule update
sudo ./build.sh
sudo ./configure
sudo make
sudo make install
cd /opt && sudo git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/SpiderLabs/ModSecurity-nginx.git
cd /opt && sudo wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
sudo tar -xvzmf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.14.0
sudo ./configure --add-dynamic-module=../ModSecurity-nginx <Configure Arguments>
sudo make modules
sudo mkdir /etc/nginx/modules
sudo cp objs/ngx_http_modsecurity_module.so /etc/nginx/modules
(old versions in the example, but same principle)
At that point I might as well look in the direction of OWASP Coraza: https://coraza.io/
When it comes to ACME and Let's Encrypt, I can use mod_md out of the box with Apache: https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_md.html
It's experimental but works nicely in my experience, whereas with Nginx, I have to go with Certbot separately: https://certbot.eff.org/
If I want everything in a single package, I can just use Caddy instead (which is a lovely web server).
And that's before I get into weird Nginx behavior when I try to use it with containers, where the whole web server crashes, just because it cannot find the DNS record for a container that hasn't been created yet, along the lines of:
nginx: [emerg] host not found in upstream "my-app"
where trying to use the suggested fix leads to:
nginx: [emerg] "proxy_redirect default" cannot be used with "proxy_pass" directive with variables
and using other values often breaks app redirects.
Due to these experiences, I'll absolutely say that you can do more with Apache, in ways that will be less of a pain, except for the whole "getting your entire web server hacked" or "brought down by any sizeable amount of traffic" bit. Nginx is really good for hosting static content or acting as a basic reverse proxy, but will be harder to get various bits of the greater ecosystem into it, as opposed to how Apache works.
Then again, I fully acknowledge that someone will come along and say "ModSecurity isn't very useful, you should just put your site behind Cloudflare if you need a WAF." or maybe even "Don't handle OpenID Connect in your ingress, even if that means that in the case of 5 APIs you'll need OIDC libraries and configuration for each of them, which will look quite different in various languages." but that doesn't change the fact that some things are just more doable in one option instead of another.
OpenResty or Caddy increasingly feel like better choices for a lot of stuff, but not bare Nginx. Use Nginx when you want to handle simple use cases (reverse proxy, serving static files) with good performance, security and a sane configuration format.