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rupa
z
Shell2009–2026
rupa / z

z

z - jump around

86Distinct people
95Mentions
3Explicit recommenders
17.1KGitHub stars
REPOSITORY AT A GLANCE

What to know before exploring

What it is

z - jump around

GitHub

Where it is used

No documented product use was verified in the last source check.

What people are saying

ZSH's z plugin does the same thing. Highly recommended for the ZSH users out there! https://github.com/rupa/z

chuckdries used a recommendation phrase. 3 indexed comments match. This is a phrase match, not a verdict.

No classified warning is attached to this page. Read the discussions before treating silence as approval.

Also in these discussions

Mentioned in the same Hacker News threads. That is not proof they are substitutes.

This week on Hacker News

Nov 8–Nov 15 UTC · Direct repository links and separately labeled related project stories. Indexed through 11/15/2026, 3:38:16 PM UTC.

No direct repository links were found in the indexed HN discussions over the past seven days. Older discussions are available below.

Mentions over time

HN mentions by year95 dated mentions

Observed mentions: 2009-09-08 13:41:34 UTC to 2026-08-16 05:55:45 UTC.

0369122009-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2010-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 1 mentions; 0 submissions, 1 comments20092010-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2011-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 2 mentions; 0 submissions, 2 comments2011-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2012-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 5 mentions; 1 submissions, 4 comments2012-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2013-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 4 mentions; 2 submissions, 2 comments2013-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2014-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 6 mentions; 0 submissions, 6 comments2014-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2015-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 7 mentions; 0 submissions, 7 comments2015-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2016-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 11 mentions; 2 submissions, 9 comments2016-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2017-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 5 mentions; 0 submissions, 5 comments2017-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2018-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 5 mentions; 0 submissions, 5 comments20172018-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2019-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 7 mentions; 0 submissions, 7 comments2019-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2020-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 11 mentions; 0 submissions, 11 comments2020-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2021-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 6 mentions; 0 submissions, 6 comments2021-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2022-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 7 mentions; 0 submissions, 7 comments2022-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2023-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 3 mentions; 0 submissions, 3 comments2023-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2024-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 4 mentions; 0 submissions, 4 comments2024-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2025-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 2 mentions; 1 submissions, 1 comments2025-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2026-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 7 mentions; 0 submissions, 7 comments2026-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2027-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 2 mentions; 0 submissions, 2 comments. Incomplete calendar period.2026*

* An incomplete calendar period is marked with an outlined bar. Its count is not directly comparable with a full period.

Counts come from the repository’s dated source evidence. Index cutoff: 2026-11-02 08:16:59 UTC.

View mention counts and date ranges
UTC ranges include their start and exclude their end. Select a period to filter the source evidence.
PeriodStart (UTC)End (exclusive, UTC)MentionsSubmissionsComments
20092009-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2010-01-01 00:00:00 UTC101
20102010-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2011-01-01 00:00:00 UTC202
20112011-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2012-01-01 00:00:00 UTC514
20122012-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2013-01-01 00:00:00 UTC422
20132013-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2014-01-01 00:00:00 UTC606
20142014-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2015-01-01 00:00:00 UTC707
20152015-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2016-01-01 00:00:00 UTC1129
20162016-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2017-01-01 00:00:00 UTC505
20172017-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2018-01-01 00:00:00 UTC505
20182018-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2019-01-01 00:00:00 UTC707
20192019-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2020-01-01 00:00:00 UTC11011
20202020-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2021-01-01 00:00:00 UTC606
20212021-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2022-01-01 00:00:00 UTC707
20222022-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2023-01-01 00:00:00 UTC303
20232023-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2024-01-01 00:00:00 UTC404
20242024-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2025-01-01 00:00:00 UTC211
20252025-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2026-01-01 00:00:00 UTC707
2026 (partial)2026-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2027-01-01 00:00:00 UTC202

From the project README

An excerpt from the repository, fetched Nov 12, 2026.

Read the project’s introduction
Z(1) User Commands Z(1) NAME z - jump around SYNOPSIS z [-chlrtx] [regex1 regex2 ... regexn] AVAILABILITY bash, zsh DESCRIPTION Tracks your most used directories, based on 'frecency'. After a short learning phase, z will take you to the most 'frecent' directory that matches ALL of the regexes given on the command line, in order. For example, z foo bar would match /foo/bar but not /bar/foo. OPTIONS -c restrict matches to subdirectories of the current directory -e echo the best match, don't cd -h show a brief help message -l list only -r match by rank only -t match by recent access only -x remove the current directory from the datafile EXAMPLES z foo cd to most frecent dir matching foo z foo bar cd to most frecent dir matching foo, then bar z -r foo cd to highest ranked dir matching foo z -t foo cd to most recently accessed dir matching foo z -l foo list all dirs matching foo (by frecency) NOTES Installation: Put something like this in your $HOME/.bashrc or $HOME/.zshrc: . /path/to/z.sh cd around for a while to build up the db. PROFIT!! Optionally: Set $_Z_CMD to change the command name (default z). Set $_Z_DATA to change the datafile (default $HOME/.z). Set $_Z_MAX_SCORE lower to age entries out faster (default 9000). Set $_Z_NO_RESOLVE_SYMLINKS to prevent symlink resolution. Set $_Z_NO_PROMPT_COMMAND to handle PROMPT_COMMAND/precmd your- self. Set $_Z_EXCLUDE_DIRS to an array of directory trees to exclude. Set $_Z_OWNER to allow usage when in 'sudo -s' mode. (These settings should go in .bashrc/.zshrc before the line added above.) Install the provided man page z.1 somewhere in your MANPATH, like /usr/local/man/man1. Aging: The rank of directories maintained by z undergoes aging based on a sim- ple formula. The rank of each entry is incremented every time it is accessed. When the sum of ranks is over 9000, all ranks are multiplied by 0.99. Entries with a rank lower than 1 are forgotten. Frecency: Frecency is a portmanteau of 'recent' and 'frequency'. It is a weighted rank that depends on how often and how recently something occurred. As far as I know, Mozilla came up with the term. To z, a directory that has low ranking but has been accessed recently will quickly have higher rank than a directory accessed frequently a long time ago. Frecency is determined at runtime. Common: When multiple directories match all queries, and they all have a common prefix, z will cd to the shortest matching directory, without regard to priority. This has been in effect, if undocumented, for quite some time, but should probably be configurable or reconsidered. Tab Completion: z supports tab completion. After any number of arguments, press TAB to complete on directories that match each argument. Due to limitations of the completion implementations, only the last argument will be com- pleted in the shell. Internally, z decides you've requested a completion if the last argu- ment passed is an absolute path to an existing directory. This may cause unexpected behavior if the last argument to z begins with /. ENVIRONMENT A function _z() is defined. The contents of the variable $_Z_CMD is aliased to _z 2>&1. If not set, $_Z_CMD defaults to z. The environment variable $_Z_DATA can be used to control the datafile location. If it is not defined, the location defaults to $HOME/.z. The environment variable $_Z_NO_RESOLVE_SYMLINKS can be set to prevent resolving of symlinks. If it is not set, symbolic links will be resolved when added to the datafile. In bash, z appends a command to the PROMPT_COMMAND environment variable to maintain its database. In zsh, z appends a function _z_precmd to the precmd_functions array. The environment variable $_Z_NO_PROMPT_COMMAND can be set if you want to handle PROMPT_COMMAND or precmd yourself. The environment variable $_Z_EXCLUDE_DIRS can be set to an array of directory trees to exclude from tracking. $HOME is always excluded. Directories must be full paths without trailing slashes. The environment variable $_Z_OWNER can be set to your username, to allow usage of z when your sudo environment keeps $HOME set. FILES Data is stored in $HOME/.z. This can be overridden by setting the $_Z_DATA environment variable. When initialized, z will raise an error if this path is a directory, and not function correctly. A man page (z.1) is provided. SEE ALSO regex(7), pushd, popd, autojump, cdargs Please file bugs at https://github.com/rupa/z/ z January 2013 Z(1)
Read the full README on GitHub

What Hacker News says

5 sources
While it's not the intention to replace the binary itself, I'm just not a fan of the idea of substituting system built-ins in everyday behavior. Stuff like cd, ls, etc. I like to keep it to the basics. Even just with PATHs or aliases, or a new binary entirely. And I'm a person who is no stranger to dot-configs. I've never taken it as far as Z(1), https://github.com/rupa/z. A system builtin is stuff you'd see stowed away in /bin. They are essential low level binaries you have to trust. If somehow a malicious ls got out there, nothing's stopping people from writing memory-safe malware that uploads your $HOME configs to some server in a far away land. The more I say this, I guess defaulting to a substitute for a builtin command doesn't matter. The average developer relies on so much third party stuff in their shell, vim, package manifests, a
Read the rest
nd so on that all these years could have done bad stuff, nothing has happened. Maybe it's my defense mechanism firing that my own dot-config has grown so big I don't remember what the hell's in it anymore. In fact, it's a common thing for terminal applications to accept environmental variables to use third party applications. For instance, $EDITOR, and less often (but no less useful): $PAGER. You can give it a shot with most(1) [1], I mention it in my book, The Tao of tmux [2] (available free to read online). So also, regarding $EDITOR, if you prefer that being in GNU nano, Pico, Vim, or emacs, set it in your .bashrc/.zshrc: export EDITOR=vim Also, for git's editor, I don't remember if it falls back to $EDITOR, but you can do: export GIT_EDITOR=vim Another tool at your disposal for ls(1), which even FreeBSD supports, it $LS_COLORS: http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man5/dir_colors.5.html edit: actually, BSD's ls(1) seems to be $LSCOLORS (https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ls&sektion=1): [1] http://www.jedsoft.org/most/ [2] https://leanpub.com/the-tao-of-tmux/read#leanpub-auto-read-t...
In Exa, a modern replacement for ls
Great post & thread, a tl;dr: Ctrl-r search history - then Ctrl-r again to show next match - then Tab to show all options Ctrl-p previous command or arrow up Ctrl-n next command or arrow down export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth:erasedups Add to .bashrc to avoid duplicate entries Ctrl-a to beginning of line Ctrl-e to end of line Alt-b one word back Alt-f one word forward Ctrl-k delete to end of line Ctrl-u delete to beginning of line Alt-d delete to end of word Ctrl-w delete to beginning of word Alt-Backspc same cd - change to last dir pushd <dir> mark current dir and go to <dir> popd go to marked dir z fuzzy cd, install from https://github.com/rupa/z j fuzzy cd and more, ins
Read the rest
tall via autojump Ctrl-z to background & suspend bg recent background app continue running fg bring recent background app to front disown -h remove recent background app from current tty fg %n bring nth app to front, e.g.: fg %2 for second less better than cat, doesn't flood screen, same keys find find files, e.g. find / -name <filename> ag install via the_silver_searcher, faster grep tree shows dir like a GUI app, install !! last command, e.g. sudo !! fish bash alternative with more sensible defaults man bash read more about bash
In Mastering Bash and Terminal
For changing directories, you can also use something like z (https://github.com/rupa/z) to jump around: Tracks your most used directories, based on 'frecency'. After a short learning phase, z will take you to the most 'frecent' directory that matches ALL of the regexes given on the command line, in order. For example, z foo bar would match /foo/bar but not /bar/foo.
In Mastering Bash and Terminal

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