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seliopou
typo
Haskell2013–2025
seliopou / typo

typo

A programming language that runs in Haskell's type system.

4Distinct people
9Mentions
0Explicit recommenders
257GitHub stars
REPOSITORY AT A GLANCE

What to know before exploring

What it is

A programming language that runs in Haskell's type system.

GitHub

Where it is used

No documented product use has been verified yet.

What people are saying

No recommendation phrase was found in the indexed comments.

No classified warning is attached to this page. Read the discussions before treating silence as approval.

Also in these discussions

No other repository is repeatedly linked in the same discussions.

This week on Hacker News

Nov 7–Nov 14 UTC · Direct repository links and separately labeled related project stories. Indexed through 11/14/2026, 5:04:57 PM UTC.

No direct repository links were found in the indexed HN discussions over the past seven days. Older discussions are available below.

Mentions over time

HN mentions by year9 dated mentions

Observed mentions: 2013-08-07 20:09:07 UTC to 2025-05-10 20:55:39 UTC.

012342013-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2014-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 3 mentions; 2 submissions, 1 comments20132014-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2015-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 4 mentions; 0 submissions, 4 comments2015-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2016-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 1 mentions; 0 submissions, 1 comments2016-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2017-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 0 mentions; 0 submissions, 0 comments2017-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2018-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 0 mentions; 0 submissions, 0 comments2018-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2019-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 0 mentions; 0 submissions, 0 comments2019-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2020-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 0 mentions; 0 submissions, 0 comments20192020-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2021-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 0 mentions; 0 submissions, 0 comments2021-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2022-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 0 mentions; 0 submissions, 0 comments2022-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2023-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 0 mentions; 0 submissions, 0 comments2023-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2024-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 0 mentions; 0 submissions, 0 comments2024-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2025-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 0 mentions; 0 submissions, 0 comments2025-01-01 00:00:00 UTC to 2026-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (exclusive): 1 mentions; 0 submissions, 1 comments2025

Counts come from the repository’s dated source evidence. Index cutoff: 2026-11-02 08:16:59 UTC.

View mention counts and date ranges
UTC ranges include their start and exclude their end. Select a period to filter the source evidence.
PeriodStart (UTC)End (exclusive, UTC)MentionsSubmissionsComments
20132013-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2014-01-01 00:00:00 UTC321
20142014-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2015-01-01 00:00:00 UTC404
20152015-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2016-01-01 00:00:00 UTC101
20162016-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2017-01-01 00:00:00 UTC000
20172017-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2018-01-01 00:00:00 UTC000
20182018-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2019-01-01 00:00:00 UTC000
20192019-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2020-01-01 00:00:00 UTC000
20202020-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2021-01-01 00:00:00 UTC000
20212021-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2022-01-01 00:00:00 UTC000
20222022-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2023-01-01 00:00:00 UTC000
20232023-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2024-01-01 00:00:00 UTC000
20242024-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2025-01-01 00:00:00 UTC000
20252025-01-01 00:00:00 UTC2026-01-01 00:00:00 UTC101

What Hacker News says

9 sources
I'm not sure how useful it is in practice but even C++ templates are turing complete. https://rtraba.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/cppturing.pdf > I don’t know if Haskell’s type system is Turing complete with enough GHC extensions enabled, but if it is, then it’s by accident. Undecidable instances? I don't think that's an accident. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42356242/how-can-undecid... Also see. https://github.com/seliopou/typo
In Prolog's Eternal September (2017)
For those that are interested in type-level computation in Haskell, check out typo[0], which is a scheme-like language that runs in Haskell's type system. It uses an encoding based on type classes and functional dependencies, rather than type families like in the blog post, but fundamentally the approaches are the same. Disclosure of shameless plug: I'm the author of typo. Previously on HN[1]. [0]: https://github.com/seliopou/typo [1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6175272
In Fun with Dependent Types in Haskell
Thanks! Typo made it HN last summer, so here's a response to your question on motivation[0]. Also, the 'cat' thing has come up before. Here's my response to that[1] as well. But now that I'm rereading my response it doesn't seem clear what I mean. The README for the language demonstrates how you can use shell grouping as a poor man's module system. When you do that, you have to use 'cat' on single files in certain situations. So I stuck with 'cat' for the simple example so it's consistent with the more complex examples. If you take a look at the typo script[2] that wraps the compiler, you'll see that I know when to use redirects and when to use 'cat'. But regardless of all that, I think most modern machines can spare an extra process. [0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6176340 [1]: https://github.com/seliopou/typo/pull/4 [2]: https
Read the rest
In Look at the humongous type that Hindley-Milner infers for this tiny program
The title's a little misleading, as it suggests that there's something strange or even wrong about the type that OCaml or Haskell infer for the program. Of course the type that these systems infer for the program is correct, and the author does demonstrate an understanding of that. But that a small input to a system can produce a large output should be little surprise to any person that works with complex systems, especially computer systems. The underlying mechanism that leads to the computational complexity in HM(x) systems--the process of generalizing types to schemas and instantiating schemas to types in order to support let-polymorphism--would make for an interesting discussion, but the author hasn't hit on that yet. Unfortunately, the only people that really understand that part of the algorithm are the people that have implemented
Read the rest
the algorithm, and there aren't many of those people around. Strange but true. The algorithm that's taught and implemented in most undergraduate PL courses (PL:AI-based courses included) does not support let-polymorphism. If the author's reading, upgrade to ATTAPL[0] and start implementing. Also, to answer the question "How to compile Turing machines to ML types", have a look at typo[1] for one way to do it in Haskell (by reducing it to lambda calculus (shameless plug)). [0]: http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/attapl/ [1]: https://github.com/seliopou/typo
In Look at the humongous type that Hindley-Milner infers for this tiny program
I've used Haskell to build JavaScript tools and analyses[0], among other things[1], and have been using OCaml for the past nine months to develop a software-defined networking controller called frenetic[2]. Off the top of my head, here are a few areas where OCaml has an edge on Haskell: 1. The module system. OCaml's module system is a language in and of itself. It not only allows you to define modules that export certain identifiers and types, it also allows you to write functors, which are essentially functions in the module language that can take a module as an argument and produce a new module as a result. This is a great way of reusing code in a project as well as defining external APIs in a general but natural way. OCaml's module system the closest I've seen to realizing the dream of building software by taking some modules from here
Read the rest
or there and composing them together. 2. Mutation. Unlike Haskell, OCaml allows mutation. Specifically, OCaml allows value mutation in certain contexts, while both Haskell and OCaml do not allow variable mutation. What this means is that in both languages, if you have an identifier, you cannot change the value that the identifier points to; you can only shadow the identifier with a new binding. But in OCaml, you can declare certain fields of your types to be mutable. You can also wrap values in a "box" which allows you get the same feel that you would out of variable mutation. While in general it's a good idea to limit your use of mutation, sometimes you know it's ok and you just want to do it. OCaml lets you do that, but it requires you to be explicit about it rather than just letting you do it willy-nilly. 3. gdb-able. If you know how to use gdb (and even valgrind I believe), you can use it to debug your OCaml programs. If you try and use these tools with Haskell, you will get nothing but nonsense until you learn how to read the matrix. This fact by itself for some people will make OCaml a candidate for systems programming over Haskell. 4. Subtyping. Certain features of OCaml's type system allow you to do subtyping, complete with type variable annotations to indicate covariance or contravariance. This is a feature that Haskell's type system does not have, so in a sense this is a strength of OCaml. However in my experience, this feature of the type system is hard to use and reason about, and I've seen little (maybe no?) code in the wild that takes advantage of it, with the exception of some simple inference the type system can do in this respect related to polymorphic variants[3]. All that being said, Haskell's still my hobby language of choice. But for building real systems, I'm warming to idea of OCaml as a viable candidate language. [0]: http://www.cs.brown.edu/research/plt/dl/adsafety/v1/ [1]: https://github.com/seliopou/typo [2]: https://github.com/frenetic-lang/frenetic [3]: https://realworldocaml.org/v1/en/html/variants.html#polymorp...
In Why We Use OCaml
Author here. Besides creating Typo as an exercise in implementing a language, it's also the punchline to a seven-year-old joke[1] about implementing RSA in Haskell's type system, which I did: https://github.com/seliopou/typo/blob/master/examples/rsa.typo Hopefully I'll have the time next week to write a blog post explaining how the encoding of functions work, as well as a cool transformation I employed to make the translation simpler than it otherwise would be. Until then, enjoy! [1]: http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.lang.haskell.general/132...
In Typo: A programming language that runs in Haskell's type system

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