xarray-sql

ter Lesson is a central dogma of machine learning, then why not formalize it with relational algebra? If this interests you and you’d like to tinker with us at the intersection of database theory and ML systems, join us on Discord at https://xql.systems (link at the bottom). Cheers.

ly relational, just with the wrong data model? Using Claude Code on the beach, I can confirm that this seemed to be the case: Claude and I publish a benchmark that illustrated how every common operation in geo and climate sciences (at the 100 TB range) were actually secretly relational operations: https://github.com/xqlsystems/xarray-sql/blob/main/docs/geos.... Most surprisingly of all, from these examples was that a core operation, regridding, was just a sparse matrix-vector product. Claude had pointed out to me that in this data model, matmul was just a `SUM(val * val) ... JOIN .. GROUP BY`. This has a direct parallel to einsum notation, but can be expressed in (arguably) elegant SQL syntax! This capability seemed to be greater than the sum of it's parts. Back in the cool water of the Ionian, I thought about the implications of this more deeply. I reflected that, all of the Coiled benchmarks did, deep down, was _post process_ simulations that happen in numerical/array code. Why couldn't these physics calculations be push down into the database also, if we could so matmul in SQL? Then it hit me: maybe they could, if in addition to linear algebra, if SQL could do calculus! https://bsky.app/profile/al.merose.com/post/3mpbods7wts2y Later on, I implemented autograd on top of DataFusion's visitor pattern based on JAX's implementation. In my simplified array model, it turns out that we only care about partial differentiation on the diagonal of the Jacobian, meaning that `grad()`, `jvp` and `vjp` are just row-wise operations! I then implemented a common physics calculation from the coiled benchmark that required gradients. From here, I realized if I can autograd in the database, why can't I create a neural network? As I came back home, I created some slides, and presented this work to DataFusion's inaugural showcase: https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=1511&v=5o-4hL8vGPw&feature=y... I realized in this synthesis that SQL is not necessarily a toy language for writing neural networks, but in fact, may be highly desirable in the future due to the fundamental principles of relational databases: the logical layer should be independent from the physical layer. If that property holds, and a neural network is a series of relations, could we create a SOTA distributed system for training more easily? For example, if we had one global logical plan of dataflow, could we better distribute work on 1000+ GPUs? Several scientists and engineers and I are working together to explore this weird world of relational arrays at https://xql.systems (discord link at the bottom if you want to get involved).